Assam is home to 4 tiger reserves.
Table of Contents
Kaziranga Tiger Reserve
- Location: Golaghat, Karbi Anglong, and Nagaon districts, Assam, India.
- Wildlife Sanctuary: Notified in 1950 to conserve the Indian one-horned rhinoceros.
- National Park: Declared in 1974.
- UNESCO Status: World Heritage Site since 1985.
- Tiger Reserve: Declared during 2008–09 as Kaziranga Tiger Reserve.
- Area: 1055.894 sq km (Core: 482.0385 sq km; Buffer: 573.8555 sq km).
- River: Diphlu (Diffalu) River and Moradifalu River, tributaries of the Brahmaputra.
- Plants: Eastern Wet Alluvial Grasslands, Assam Alluvial Plains Semi-Evergreen Forests, Tropical Moist Mixed Deciduous Forests, sandy chaurs
- Animals: Tiger, Indian One-Horned Rhinoceros, Asian Elephant, Wild Water Buffalo, Eastern Swamp Deer, Hoolock Gibbon, Capped Langur, Gangetic River Dolphin, Great Indian Hornbill, Bengal Florican, Bengal Monitor, Indian Monitor, Assam Roofed Turtle.
- One-Horned Rhinoceros: Supports nearly two-thirds of the global population.
- Wild Water Buffalo: Holds about 57% of the world population.
Manas Tiger Reserve
- Location: Kokrajhar, Chirang, Baksa, and Udalguri districts, Assam, India; foothills of the Eastern Himalayas.
- Boundary: Northern boundary marked by the Manas River and its tributaries Beki and Hakua along the Bhutan border (Royal Manas National Park); western boundary defined by the Sankosh River adjoining Buxa Tiger Reserve, West Bengal.
- Reserve Forest: Declared in 1907.
- Game Sanctuary: Notified in 1928 under the Forest Act of 1927.
- Wildlife Sanctuary: Declared in 1950.
- Tiger Reserve: Declared in 1973 as Manas Tiger Reserve.
- UNESCO Status: Inscribed as a Natural World Heritage Site in 1985.
- Biosphere Reserve: Declared in 1989.
- National Park: Declared in 1990.
- Elephant Reserve: Declared in 2003.
- Critical Tiger Habitat: Identified in 2008.
- Tiger Source Site: Recognized in 2014 for conservation importance.
- Area: 2837.31 sq km (Core: 526.22 sq km; Buffer: 2310.88 sq km).
- River: Reserve named after the Manas River; Northern boundary marked by the Manas River and its tributaries Beki and Hakua along the Bhutan border (Royal Manas National Park); western boundary defined by the Sankosh River adjoining Buxa Tiger Reserve, West Bengal.
- Plants: Sal forests, Khair–Sisoo forests, scrub forests, semi-evergreen forests, mixed deciduous forests, grasslands.
- Animals: Tiger, Indian Elephant, Indian Rhinoceros, Wild Water Buffalo, Gaur, Barasingha, Asian Golden Cat, Dhole, Chinese Pangolin, Bengal Florican, Slender-billed Vulture, Assam Roofed Turtle, Monitor Lizard.
- Indian Rhinoceros: Population strengthened through translocation from Kaziranga National Park.
Nameri Tiger Reserve
- Location: Sonitpur district, Assam, India; foothills of the Eastern Himalayas.
- Wildlife Sanctuary: Notified in 1978 from a portion of the Sonitpur Reserve Forest.
- Tiger Reserve: Declared during 1999–2000.
- Area: 344 sq km (Core: 200 sq km; Buffer: 144 sq km).
- River: Jia-Bhoroli River and its tributaries including Nameri, Upper Dikorai, and Bor Dikorai rivers.
- Plants: Assam Valley Tropical Evergreen Forests, Sub-Himalayan light alluvial semi-evergreen forests etc.
- Animals: Tiger, Clouded Leopard, Dhole, Asian Elephant, Slow Loris, White-winged Wood Duck, White-rumped Vulture, Slender-billed Vulture, Assam Roofed Turtle.
- White-winged Wood Duck: Recognized as a key stronghold for this rare and endangered bird.
Orang Tiger Reserve
- Location: Darrang and Sonitpur districts, Assam, India; north bank of the Brahmaputra River.
- Wildlife Sanctuary: Established in 1985.
- National Park: Upgraded in 1999 and renamed Rajiv Gandhi Orang National Park.
- Tiger Reserve: Declared in 2016 under Project Tiger; 49th Tiger Reserve of India.
- Area: 492.46 sq km (Core: 79.28 sq km; Buffer: 413.18 sq km).
- River: Bordered by the Pachnoi, Dhanshiri, and Belsiri rivers.
- Plants: Rosewood, jackfruit, silk cotton tree, Indian gooseberry, brahmi.
- Animals: Tiger, Great Indian One-horned Rhinoceros, Asian Elephant, Wild Water Buffalo, Pygmy Hog, Assam Roofed Turtle.
- One-horned Rhinoceros: Only stronghold on the north bank of the Brahmaputra River within the reserve.